Balanced Laminate Examples

Balanced construction unbalanced construction laminate countertops.

Balanced laminate examples.

Carbon fiber laminates made with the fibers all oriented in one direction are extremely anisotropic. Countertops or cabinet members on the other hand merely require some form of balancing material. The only limitation is that the laminate after rotation is balanced with zero coupling terms in s 0 lam. For example any quasi isotropic laminate with an arbitrary cracked layer can be rotated to have the damaged layer as a 90 layer.

Laminate fabrication vary with the product. Other laminate designs can have various degrees of anisotropy depending on how balanced the laminate design is. 1 an unbalanced laminate countertop is one that does not have backer applied to the underside of the countertop core substrate. Fabricating quasi isotropic carbon fiber laminates.

Each complete laminate is enclosed in a set of brackets symmetric laminates with an even number of plies are represented by listing all plies on one side of the mid plane enclosed in brackets followed by the subscript s. Examples of balanced laminates are. Laminate orientation code repeating groups of plies within a laminate can be placed in parentheses. Contrary to angle ply laminates which are restricted to one pair of matched angles balanced laminates can contain several pairs including 0 and 90.

Quasi isotropic laminate is balanced in any system of coordinates s 16 lam s 26 lam 0. For example wood is stronger along the grain than across it. A symmetric laminate is symmetric wrt to ply orientation above and below the laminate mid plane example 0 30 30 0 sometimes written 0 30 s is symmetric but not balanced balanced laminate is one where for every qthere is also a qlamina example 0 30 30 30 30 0 or 0 30 30 s for a symmetric laminate b 0. A designer will need to ensure that for every α ply there is a α ply with the same material and thickness somewhere within stacking sequence irrespective of location.

Like angle ply laminates for balanced laminates a 16 a 26 0 and d 16 0 d.